One Heart Challenge removes nine of the player's ten hearts and leaves only a single heart for the entire playthrough. Even minor fall damage, a weak mob attack or a moment near fire can end the run.
The add-on does not introduce new equipment or enemies. Its purpose is to change the value of every familiar survival decision: food, armor, shields, safe routes and careful preparation become essential from the first minutes of the world.
The restriction also works in multiplayer, so a group can attempt the challenge together. Cooperative play makes resource gathering easier, but every participant remains just as vulnerable.
This is a straightforward difficulty modifier intended for challenge worlds, speedrun attempts and experienced players who want to complete ordinary Minecraft with almost no room for error.